Hr Analytics Talent Management - 1775 Words

HR Analytics in Talent Management Introduction (Lawler) Around the 1990s, along with the advent of ‘talent management’ came the view that human resources (HR) can and should add more value to corporations. In a competitive marketplace, talent management is a primary driver for organizational success. Broadly defined, talent management is the implementation of integrated strategies or systems designed to increase workplace productivity by developing improved processes for attracting, developing, retaining and utilizing people with the required skills and aptitude to meet current and future business needs. (SHRM Glossary) Organization leaders have linked recruiting and turnover costs to the realization that HR issues are indeed connected to†¦show more content†¦In recent years, analytics is beginning to shape the evolution of various HR processes. With availability of vast amounts of data aggregated from multiple sources including social media channels where prospective candidates usually leave their digital footprint and the ability to transform all that information into intelligence using powerful algorithms, recruiters now have the opportunity to rely more on facts than on intuition before they issue job offers. The same techniques are also increasingly being applied to predict turnover and improve retention rates. The upward trajectory of analytics in the recent years is proof of the overwhelming support for the notion that the application of science to the selection, management and alignment of people brings about tremendous return. (Bersin) (Kapoor) The Case for Analytics (Dezube) Longer life spans, increasing diversity and a highly-competitive global recruitment landscape has increased the complexities within which talent acquisition and talent management are forced to operate. In a world where â€Å"one size fits all† no longer applies, data analytics enables decision making to be more dynamic, agile and personalized with regards to talent acquisition, employee

Should gay marriages be legalized Essay - 1504 Words

Should same sex marriages be legal? nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Same-sex marriages have been very controversial since becoming an issue in Canada regarding the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Several people state that same-sex marriages should be legal, while others disagree, saying it should not be permitted. There have been many debates and inquiries about this issue for several years; the MP’s and Parliament will finally settle the problem within the next year or so. Many are in favour of legalizing same-sex marriages in all of Canada due to the violations and infringes upon the Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Problems revolving around same-sex marriages have upset many religious groups. These groups believe that same-sex†¦show more content†¦The freedom to express yourself is the way a person gains their individuality. If the government seizes that liberty, individuality is being taken away from the world. If same-sex marriages are prohibited, section 2B of the fundamental rights will be infri nged as well as the individuality of a person. Discrimination concerns have also become a problem regarding the Charter of Rights and Freedoms. In the past, homosexuals were discriminated and penalized for their sexual orientation. They were murdered in the early twentieth century and then later on imprisoned as time passed. Discrimination also arose if employers discovered of their employees homosexual orientation, which caused them to lose their employment. The equality rights have also been violated concerning marriage benefits and the definition as well – (1) Every individual is equal before and under the law and has the right to the equal protection and equal benefit of the law without discrimination and, in particular, without discrimination based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, sex, age or mental or physical disability. Before the definition of marriage was changed, homosexuals were not included under the law stating marriage as the union between a man and a woman. The government found it uncon stitutional and changed it so it would correspond to the changes in the twenty-first century and reflect Canadian society in the present stating that marriage is a civil actShow MoreRelatedGay Marriage Should Be Legalized938 Words   |  4 Pages Gay marriage is in fact a controversial topic that many people feel strongly about. I believe that gay marriage should be legalized without being penalized by people who disagree with it. I will, within reason, explain to you why gay marriage should be legalized and argue against Karlee’s essay about why gay marriage shouldn’t be legalized. The first thing Karlee talks about in her opposing essay is, â€Å"Children of same-sex couples, biological or not, need both a mother and a father inRead MoreShould Gay Marriage Be Legalized?1313 Words   |  6 PagesCredit – Should gay marriage be legalized? Marriage is considered to be the rite of passage from an religious point of view, it is considered as holy matrimony before the eyes of God. Attraction between individuals of the same sex has been a topic of debate. However, over the past few years gay individuals made a decision to our grievances of oppression despite receiving tremendous critics from the public. Initially, gay marriagesRead MoreShould Gay Marriage Be Legalized?935 Words   |  4 PagesThere is a lot of controversy about gay marriage and whether or not it should be legalized in certain states that haven t yet legalized it. My opinion on this topic is that it should not be legalized for various reasons. My reasons on this have nothing to do with religion because religion shouldn’t have anything to do with their opinion; religion is a biased opinion because of its authenticity. Another thing that shouldn’t be considered is their opinio n that doesn’t have a reasoning behind it likeRead MoreShould Gay Marriage Be Legalized?1705 Words   |  7 PagesPaper Option 1 Gay marriage has and still is a huge controversy in the United States. I will say though that the U.S. has come along way when it comes to same-sex marriage. As of November 20, 2014 gay marriage is now legal in thirty-five of the fifty U.S. states. Massachusetts was the first state to legalize same-sex marriage in May of two thousand and four. As of October ninth two-thousand and fourteen, only sixteen out of one hundred and ninety-four countries allow same sex marriage. By those oddsRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legalized1379 Words   |  6 PagesName: Tutor: Course: Date: Gay Marriages Marriage is considered as hypothetically speaking, a rite of passage whilst from the religious point of view, it is considered as holy matrimony before a supreme being. Attraction between individuals of the same sex has been a topic of debate since time immemorial. However, over the past few years gay individuals have opted to air grievances of oppression despite receiving tremendous critics from the public. Initially, gay marriages were unfathomable eventsRead MoreShould Gay Marriage Be Legalized? Essay1828 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction What does it mean to be gay and why does society discriminate against those who are deemed to be gay? This paper establishes that being gay is primarily based on the supposition that one is either homosexual, transgender, lesbian, or bisexual. It also establishes that one of the primary reasons why gays are discriminated against within the society is religion; that some of the views held by different religious conclaves substantiate gay rejection by the society. On a more personal ratherRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legalized1280 Words   |  5 Pagescommunity and abides by the law should be afforded the rights of an American. However, not all citizens are afforded equal rights. Gay and lesbians are consistently denied rights that are typically taken for granted by the average American. Specifically, gay and lesbians couples are denied the right to marry even if they are upstanding citizens. They are held at an unfair disadvantage solely because of their sexual orientation. This discrimination must stop because gay and lesbian couples are law-abidingRead More Gay Marriage Should be Legalized Essays1696 Words   |  7 Pages There are numerous opinions and standing views on gay marriage. The argument regarding gay marriage should be legalized or not is extremely controversial. According to an article from the Human Rights Campaign, there is nothing wrong with allowing homosexuals to have the same rights as those who are heterosexual. Every individual person should be granted equal rights, regardless of sexuality. Gay marriage should be legalized in all states and countries, it has been held off for too long. MoreoverRead MoreShould Gay Marriage Be Legalized?727 Words   |  3 Pages Everyone, regardless of gender orientation or sexual preference deserves equal rights, such as marriage, feeling comfortable with whom they are, and being treated like any other human being. Right now gay marriage is a hot topic in many states, however, what say should the government get in who you love and want to marry? Beyond a court room, research has been done on the idea of transgenderism and what causes people to be like that or if people are truly born in the wrong bodyRead MoreShould Gay Marriage Be Legalized? Essay464 Words   |  2 PagesMarriage is defined as the state of being a married couple voluntarily joined for life. In the definition it says couple, with out indication of gender. In our society gay marriage is a hot topic. Previously legalizing gay marriage was out of the question, but as times has changed and more liberal politicians have gained office to reflect th e views of today’s society. One of the reasons that LGBT people fight for the right to marry because married couples receive more protections and advantages in

Ranch and New Bonanza Farms Free Essays

With the Homestead Act passed, it is time for you to claim your 160 acres! Come to the west! You can be like James Oliver who developed a new plow with a sharper edge. Try working on the new bonanza farms with expensive machinery and professional managers. Come live in a dugout, a house dug into the sides of a hill. We will write a custom essay sample on Ranch and New Bonanza Farms or any similar topic only for you Order Now But be careful because the weather can be harsh causing crops to die and water is scarce. Most farms are in Texas, The Great Plains, and California. Come to the west farmers! With the Homestead Act passed, it is time for you to claim your 160 acres! Come to the west! You can be like James Oliver who developed a new plow with a sharper edge. Try working on the new bonanza farms with expensive machinery and But be careful because the weather can be harsh causing crops to die and water Is farmers! With the Homestead Act passed, It Is time for you to claim your 160 acres! Professional managers. Come live In a dugout, a house dug Into the sides of a hill. Scarce. Most farms are In Texas, The Great Plains, and California. Come to the west Come to the west! You can be Like James Oliver who developed a new plow with a How to cite Ranch and New Bonanza Farms, Papers

My Career Goals And Goals Essay Example For Students

My Career Goals And Goals Essay Despite some uncommon and potentially inhibiting circumstances, I ve succeeded in high school. Perhaps not by the standards of the world, but I have accomplished my own goals and exceeded expectations I had set for myself. My academic curiosity and tendency towards perfectionism, have helped me maintain a 4.0 grade point average while taking on several challenging courses. My freshmen year I took a psychology course online and passed with an A. I m currently taking two AP courses and an honors course with surprisingly decent results. The extra curricular activities I am involved in have taught me to be a productive member of a society and important leadership skills. My unusual life circumstances have taught me the importance of perseverance and develop my morals and values. Combined, my experiences in academics, extra curricular activities and life make me a compelling addition to any university campus. In the spring of 2010, my father was diagnosed with ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis). ALS slowly inhibits the movement of muscles in the body. For my father, this slow progression started in his throat and traveled into his limbs and lungs. As a sixth grader, I did not understand that everything would change and that my father was going to die. That summer we moved and embraced a new normal. Mom worked my sister and I went to school and dad was at home. In July of 2012, before my freshman year, my father required a feeding tube. He had lost weight at an alarming rate. We put formula into a gravity fed, feeding bag. As he lost the ability to move his arms above his head, it became my job hang his bag. Since my mother traveled for work, I went home at lunch to help feed and administer medicine. My role slowly shifted from. .n. When I m faced with difficult choices in the absurdity of school politics, I will make the right choice for my students. I will find new ways to reach children and improve their learning experience. I plan to attend a school that will challenge me in unexpected ways. Part of my free time will hopefully be spent volunteering, giving back, and gaining a broader experience within the community. With the difference I make in my future student s life and high standard of behavior I hold myself to, I would add to the prestigious reputation to your university. I would use the connections made within the program to secure friendships and relationships with people who could further propel me into success. Your university would ultimately give me the opportunity to attain a quality education and equip me to instill quality skills in the children that I will someday teach.

Analysis of Public Speech Given by President George W. Bush essays

Analysis of Public Speech Given by President George W. Bush essays The following is an analysis of a speech given by the President of the United States, President George W. Bush on October 7, 2002. The speech was entitled President Bush Outlines Iraqi Threat and was presented at the Cincinnati Museum Center at Cincinnati Union Terminal, Cincinnati, Ohio. In the first instance this important speech is a characterized by a calm argumentative tone and logical persuasion. The central theme of the speech deals with the threat that Iraq poses to the United States and to the world in general. Besides the clear and calm but decisive tone that the speaker uses to convey his massage, the content of the speech is intended to draw attention and to emphasize the serious nature of the subject matter. For example, the speech takes a very broad and general view from the beginning when the President states that he intends to discuss, ... a great threat to peace. (President Bush Outlines Iraqi Threat) The use of wide-ranging and evocative words like threat and peace places the speech at a universal level which involves all people and is not localized. By so doing the speaker draws the audience attention immediately to what is obviously a crucial issue. The speaker then builds his argument and states clearly the reasons for the threat that Iraq poses. The argumentative and persuasive nature of the speech is enhanced by continual references to logical factors and their consequences. The speaker is careful to point out that the present crisis has arisen directly as a result of the actions and intentions of the Iraqi regime and is not a result of aggression on the part of the United States. The tone is consistently assertive and condemnatory and uses reason to support the central points. The speaker employs various techniques to bolster and enforce these main points and to make sure that there can be no doubt in the minds of audience as to his sincerity and ...

Perdón para migrantes protegidos por la sección 245(i)

Perdà ³n para migrantes protegidos por la seccià ³n 245(i) La seccià ³n 245(i) de la Ley de Inmigracià ³n y Nacionalidad (INA, por sus siglas en inglà ©s) permite ajustar el estatus a personas indocumentadas y asà ­ obtener la tarjeta de residencia. El problema es que esta seccià ³n de la INA expirà ³. Sin embargo, algunos inmigrantes pueden estar todavà ­a hoy protegidos y, por lo tanto, podrà ­an pedir el ajuste de estatus. Quà © migrantes indocumentados podrà ­an beneficiarse de la seccià ³n 245 (i) Los inmigrantes que estn dentro de Estados Unidos en situacià ³n de indocumentados porque: entraron con visa y se quedaron ms tiempo del permitido.ingresaron al paà ­s ilegalmente sin pasar por un control migratoriocometieron alguna violacià ³n migratoria como, por ejemplo, aceptar empleo colocndose asà ­ en una situacià ³n de ilegalidad migratoria. Y no pueden arreglar los papeles sin salir de los Estados Unidos mediante lo que se conoce como un ajuste de estatus. Si salen de Estados Unidos tendrà ­an el problema de que automticamente se activarà ­a el castigo de los 3 o de los 10 aà ±os por presencia ilegal. Tener en cuenta que algunos indocumentados pueden ajustar su estatus por relacià ³n de cà ³nyuge, padre, madre o hijo soltero menor de 21 aà ±os con un ciudadano estadounidense. Pero incluso en estos casos no siempre es posible ajustar el estatus. Cules son los requisitos para estar estar protegido por la seccià ³n 245 (i) 1. Que el inmigrante tenga una peticià ³n de visa de inmigrante hecha   a su nombre por razà ³n de familia o de trabajo y que dicha peticià ³n se hubiera presentado el 30 de abril de 2001 o antes.   Es decir, tenga un certificado de trabajo (labor certification) o   una peticià ³n I-130 para familiar extranjero, I-140 para trabajador extranjero, I-360 para viudos o migrantes especiales. o I-526 para empresario extranjero a travà ©s del programa EB5. 2. Que la peticià ³n hubiera sido aprobada (puede ser posteriormente a esa fecha) 3. Y si la peticià ³n se presentà ³ entre el 14 de enero de 1998 y el 30 de abril de 2001, el beneficiario principal de la peticià ³n debe poder demostrar que estaba fà ­sicamente presente en los Estados Unidos a fecha de 21 de diciembre de 2000. Eso es para el beneficiario  principal,en no para el derivado. Por ejemplo, en los casos en los que un ciudadano pide a su hermano, à ©ste serà ­a el principal, y el derivado la esposa/o del pedido y sus hijos solteros menores de 21 aà ±os. Destacar que en el caso de familiares derivados, la relacià ³n de parentesco entre el beneficiario principal y el derivado debà ­a ya existir a fecha de 30 de abril de 2001.   Cà ³mo se pide beneficiarse de la proteccià ³n de la seccià ³n 245(i) Solicitante un ajuste de estatus (planilla I-485)Completando adems el suplemento I-485AEnviando toda la documentacià ³n de apoyoPagando la cuota del ajuste de estatus Antes de enviar cualquier planilla, asesorarse si realmente se califica. Asimismo, extremar el cuidado para cumplir con los requisitos de llenar correctamente los formularios. Quà © no se debe hacer si se cree que se es un buen candidato para esta proteccià ³n No salir de Estados Unidos mientras no se resuelve el asunto. Si se sale, en ese momento comienza a aplicar el castigo de los 3 y de los 10 aà ±os. A quià ©n no protege la seccià ³n 245(i) A las personas con un procedimiento de deportacià ³n abierto. Cundo la 245(i) no es suficiente para ajustar el estatus Es posible cumplir todos los requisitos para este perdà ³n pero que, finalmente, el ajuste de estatus se niegue y no se obtenga la tarjeta de residencia. Y es que para sacar la green card el migrante tiene que ser considerado admisible. Esto es, hay una serie de comportamientos o situaciones en el pasado del migrante que hacen imposible que pueda obtener los papeles, bien con carcter permanente o bien por un tiempo. A tener en cuenta para elegir la mejor opcià ³n y evitar fraudes Hay casos en los que podrà ­a aplicar la 245(i), pero realmente hay otras opciones que resultan mejores. Por ejemplo, una persona con una peticià ³n a su favor hecha en el aà ±o 2000 por un hermano ciudadano americano. Si esa persona ingresà ³ con visa y simplemente perdià ³ su estatus por quedarse ms tiempo del permitido y est ahora casada de buena fe con un ciudadano americano, podrà ­a ajustar su estatus sin necesidad de recurrir al 245(i). Sin embargo, si la misma persona del ejemplo, hubiera ingresado a Estados Unidos ilegalmente, no podrà ­a ajustar su estatus por el procedimiento regular y su opcià ³n serà ­a pedir la proteccià ³n del 245(i). Todos los casos de perdones son complejos y delicados. Lo mejor es siempre buscar a un abogado de inmigracià ³n reputado y con experiencia en el beneficio que se desea pedir.  Ã‚  Es cierto que en muchos casos es posible  solicitar un perdà ³n migratorio (waiver)  pero adems de cumplir con todos los requisitos, no es fcil obtenerlo. Por esta razà ³n, es aconsejable tener cuidado con las promesas que hacen algunos abogados inescrupulosos. Este artà ­culo no es consejo legal para ningà ºn caso concreto. Sà ³lo tiene valor informativo.

The Evolution of Human Resource Management and the Contemporary Essay

The Evolution of Human Resource Management and the Contemporary Approach to Human Capital Management - Essay Example It is, therefore, a measure of an employee’s economic value based on the employee’s skill set. The concept of human capital appreciates the fact that labor is not equal, and human capital can be improved through investment in training and development. The quality and level of education, experience and skills of an employee have economic value to employers and the whole economy (Skelton and Anderson 2008). Human resource management (HRM) is the process of hiring and developing employees in order to make them more valuable to the organization. Formerly known as personnel management, HRM evolves into a broader profession engaging more actively in employee management to include tasks such as, conducting job analysis, recruiting the right people, orientation and training, dispute resolution and communicating with employees at all levels. HR professionals must possess extensive knowledge of the industry and demonstrate leadership qualities and effective negotiation skills (Sk elton and Anderson 2008). Overview of human resource management The Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM), in 2005, found that 54.8% of HR professionals worldwide encountered bureaucratic obstacles and marginalization in their careers, in the organizations they worked with (Lundy and Cowling 1996). In light with the terms used to define HR professionals today, for example, ‘strategic partner’, HR has adopted a more strategic role in management unlike the previous functional role. For example, in 2005, Mercer, on his global study on HR found that half of the companies were restructuring to give HR a more strategic role. HR managers have shifted from the more traditional approach of role reporting that was mainly transaction based where they had to report to an administrative manager. They are now currently members of the senior management. Unlike other professions like insurance and banking that have a more identifiable consistencies and an almost linear evolution path, HR’s role within an organization can almost be described as scatter gram characterized by a series of disjointed activities(Lundy and Cowling 1996). Borrowing from the first principles of evolution, HR has gone through an inter-generational process of variation, selection and retention of the best practices. Variation implies acquisition of new kinds of skills sets, motivations and expectations, and triggered by various internal and external environmental changes among HR professionals. These forces selectively eliminate certain variations and promote other variations to be favoured by the selection process. While variation is personal, selection impacts the structure of workforce of an organization. Studies have documented that, organizations deliberately preserve, duplicate or reproduce the selected variations as has been confirmed by the spreading of strategic HR practices through geographical regions and organizations (Lundy and Cowling 1996). Where technological i nnovations such as software applications have made functional tasks for HR professionals obsolete, HR professionals have had enough time to articulate on strategic goals instead of routine administrative tasks. For example, payroll software automated previously labour intensive tasks for HR professionals, leaving them with ample time for higher strategic thinking required by the knowledge economy. More sophisticated technologies like the 360-degrees performance appraisal programme  emphasizes strategic management skills, and the accompanying software requires HR professionals to upgrade their skill set to levels required in using and developing these technologies. Virtual offices have eliminated the ability to monitor employees manually, necessitating use

Relationship between the Traditional Media and Social Media1332 Essay

Relationship between the Traditional Media and Social Media1332 - Essay Example As the discussion declares most research on media has mainly focused on which of the two forms of media is the best to use while communicating, advertising, or marketing. However, today more emphases need put in identifying the best way in which both forms of media can be utilized to achieve even a much effective communication tool. With the popularity and the low cost of using social media it is obvious that social media would be the most preference means of communication. According to the essay findings understanding the relationship between the traditional media and social media will give better insight on the role social media played in the green revaluation in the Arabic world. Similarities between the two forms of media exceed the differences. The most common aspect between the two forms of media is the need to plan. Planning involves coming up with the right information, disseminating it to the right audience and producing the intended reaction. Secondly, planning also entails evaluating and employing the right and effective channels. Effectives in media, greatly relies on the simplicity and clarity of the message, as well as, the channel used to pass the message. It is, therefore, important to learn what best suits your potential customer, before deciding the form of media to use. Similar to a good plan, the result achieved when using any of the two forms can be quantified.

Nutrition in elderly Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Nutrition in elderly - Essay Example This population requires greater care as there are many reasons that lead to malnutrition in the elderly. These include different pathological conditions that restrict their dietary intake. The nutritional requirements of the elderly need to be assessed and explained so that this group of the population can be catered and the prevalence of malnutrition amongst the elderly can be reduced. Nutrition in Elderly Elderly people are subjected to the dilemma of malnutrition. Furthermore, efforts have been made to give them sufficient nutritional balance but there are still many hurdles that have stopped this process. First of all, the nutritional requirements of the elderly are sometimes not very well described. As the basal metabolic rate and lean body mass both decline as one grows old, the energy requirement of an older person per kilogram of his or her body weight also reduces. This process of ageing also adversely affects the different nutrient needs of the human body. For instance, as the requirements for some of the nutrients reduce over time, data suggests that other essential nutrients’ needs might further increase when a person gets old. Therefore, there is a pressing need to reconsider the currently recommended every day nutrient allowances for the elderly group. Additionally, there is a rising demand all across the world for guidelines by WHO which are capable to urge the national authorities to highlight the nutritional needs of the increasing elderly populations all over the world (BBC, 2012). Nutrition in elderly is therefore an important issue in nursing that needs to be understood as the nutritional requirements of the elderly are different from the other age groups. 1. Background Of The Issue a.) History Almost more than 1.4 million Americans who are above the age of sixty five reside in nursing homes according to the data collected by Department of Health and Human Services’ Administration on Aging in 2008. Nutrition does play a vital role in encouraging the health of elderly occupants of the nursing homes. Comprehending the facts about how these nursing homes cater the dietary and nutritional needs of their people can assist one in learning what to expect from them and also to look for a nursing home in the future (World Health Organization, 2012). b.) Advice for Interested People many federal and state regulations are there to help restrict serious nutrition problems from taking place in the nursing homes; but one should plan on taking a practical approach for the monitoring of the nutrient intake of the elderly. Whenever you are considering placing your elder one in a nursing home, you should talk to the staff about their nutritional program. Also, you should arrange for visiting on a meal time so that you can try the meal yourself as well. Then you can also review the facility’s procedure and policy manual which should exclusively explain the nutritional protocol and plan of the senior citizens home. N ow if you have any concerns, you can arrange for a meeting with the nutrition program director to discuss as well as solve any concerns you have regarding what your loved one is eating (World Health Organization, 2012). c.) Impact of Public Policy/Health care Delivery Nursing homes need to cater a wide range of healthy snacks and meals to their residents as well as sticking to the restrictions placed on the residents related to their diets. Those people who are not able to feed their own self need to be assisted by the staff. Weight loss and

How Effective Is The Criminal Justice System Criminology Essay

How Effective Is The Criminal Justice System Criminology Essay This essay is going to critically analyse and explore how female offenders are dealt with across the Criminal Justice System (CJS) focussing on different agencies including how they are dealt with in custody, in prison, and also the mental health of female offenders and how theyre needs are or arent met. I will also be looking into the history of the female offender and draw upon different theorists ideas as to why they offend and also if they are inherently different to their male counterparts. The way in which female offenders are treated has evolved quite considerably over time. Many centuries ago the female criminal was seen as being mad and bad because they were subjected to double deviancy in that not only were they going against their perceived biological role, but also because they were committing an offence, therefore making them a criminal. When faced with this, women are not only punished by the CJS but also by friends, family and society in general. Female criminals have been consistently portrayed down the ages as peculiarly evil and depraved, and as unstable and irrational. Often their irrationality is linked to their biological and their psychological nature. Paradoxically, they have been depicted as unfeminine and hence unnatural (Lombroso and Ferroro 1895) or all too feminine (Pollak 1950 in Carlen and Worrall :18). Women, like men, are dealt with by many different agencies in the Criminal Justice System, but is there any difference in treatment between the genders? This is an important aspect to consider when analysing the effectiveness of how female offenders are dealt with. Much research has been done into the difference of treatment between genders when being dealt with by different agencies within the Criminal Justice System (CJS). It has been said that women are treated more leniently by the CJS compared to men. One of the reasons suggested for this is because women are said to captivate men thus ensuring them more lenient treatment. Police also see women as less of a threat than men which is said to be another reason why they get treated more leniently and also are less likely to be sentenced for their crimes. Police have been accused of having a sexist attitude towards dealing with female offenders and are reluctant and unhelpful when it comes to cases of women in refuges. One question that has always attracted a lot of interest is the reasons as to why women offend. There are numerous and complex reasons as to why women commit crime. Rumgay (1996) argues that the backgrounds and circumstances of womens lives are inseparable from their involvement in crime (Gelsthorpe 2002b:290). The factors included for female offending are, poverty, addiction, prostitution, abuse and unemployment to name a few. (A) high proportion (of women in the CJS) are lone mothers. Many have lived on state benefits, few have been in paid employment, many have large debts, one in ten will have experienced homelessness and two in five will have experienced foster or other state care prior to imprisonment (Fawcett Society 2004: McIvor 2004; Carlen 2002 in Gelsthorpe et al 2007:13). More female offenders than male offenders have been a victim of sexual or emotional abuse prior to their imprisonment. This can have a profound effect on a womans time spent in prison as they will have t o deal with authority from male prison officers which could have an impact on their mental health although not a lot has been written about male prison officers working in female prisons. Strip searching in female prisons is also something to consider when discussing the emotional impacts prison life has on female offenders as Corsten (2007:8) states the regular, repetitive, unnecessary overuse of strip searching in womens prisons (to be) humiliating, degrading and undignified and a dreadful invasion of privacy. For women who have suffered a past of sexual abuse it is an appalling introduction to prison life and an unwelcome reminder of previous victimisation (Corston 2007:8). It is important to note that experience of abuse does not excuse women of their criminality but it does mean they have different needs from men in the CJS and a different approach to their criminality is required, (Corston 2007:20). The prison system has come under a lot of criticism in recent years for appare ntly failing to effectively deal with the needs of these women. Far more female offenders suffer from mental health problems than their male counterparts and this is something that is not being dealt with effectively enough in female prisons, two thirds of women in prison are suffering from some sort of mental disorder (Wilson 2005:49). It has also been said that staff in female prisons are lacking essential skills and also that the prisons are under resourced. Research has suggested that mental health problems increase whilst a woman is imprisoned. Liebling (1994) states that women tend not to riot or exert violence in prison when distressed, but they are far more likely to self-harm or attempt suicide as an outlet. This is said to be the reason why rates of attempted suicide and self inflicted death are significantly high in female prisons. A study which was conducted by the Safer Custody Group (SCG) discovered that females in prison are forty times more likely to kill themselves and eighteen more times likely to self harm than women in the com munity (Rickford 2003). He also goes on to say despite the best efforts of individual staff and despite the initiatives of the SCG, overcrowding undermines the ability of the Prison Service to provide a decent, safe environment in which women are less at risk of self harming (Rickford 2003:15). In order to understand the extremity of mental health problems in female prisons the SCMH explains: Prisons are overcrowded and lack staff skilled in dealing with mental health problems. There is also a high degree of co-morbidity among prisoners; some have a combination of mental health problems, substance misuse, personality disorder or learning difficulties (2006:1). There is much speculation surrounding the legal framework surrounding mental health in prison and is slightly hazy. Prisons, even their health care wings are not recognised as hospitals under the Mental Health Act 1983 (SCMH 2006:7). This is another indication that the mental health needs of female prisoners are not being met. The Human Rights Act of 1998 came into force in October 2000 stating that the Prison Service has an obligation to protect people in its care. Article 2 states Everyones right to life shall be protected (Rickford 2003:32). Other factors affecting women in prison is the fact that they are far more less likely to have a partner on the outside looking after their children, elderly family members or children, and almost 40% lose their home whilst imprisoned (Women in Prison 2006 in Hayes 2007:188). This is very significant when discussing this because over half of women in prison are mothers with dependent children. Carlen Worrall (2004:37) discuss that while 90% of fathers in prison expect their children to be cared for by the childrens mother, only about 25% of mothers in prison expect their children to be cared for by the childrens father (Home Office 2002a). As a result of this, over 18000 children a year are taken into care (Corston 2007). Because there are far less female prisons compared to male prisons, women are more likely to be far away from home. This could mean that they dont see their family as much as they would like or need to. Travelling to and from prison is costly especially to those who are from low income families. Not only are mothers not seeing their children regularly but it also could have a negative effect on the relationship between a mother and her children thus breaking down the bond they once shared. All these factors could only add to a woman already struggling with mental health problems. Research by HMP Holloway, London, showed that only 35% of a sample of prisoners on reception were from London. The majority were from Sussex and Hampshire with some from Devon, Dorset and Cornwall; 5% were from the Midlands. A third of the Holloway population surveyed by the Chief Inspector had not received a visit from family or friends throughout their sentence (HMP Holloway 2000 in Rickford 2003). If the children of these female offenders re taken into local authority care, the local authority has to fund the childrens transport to prison thus resulting in a greater social cost.

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Andrew Carnegie and the Rise of Big Business   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Andrew Carnegie was the pioneering tycoon of the 19th century. From his companies emerged the steel to build the infrastructures such as railroads, bridges, automobiles, and ships that would build a nation in need of direction. He was a major player in the transformation into the Industrial Revolution producing the steel to make machinery and transportation possible. Carnegie built his empire from cost control, low prices, low profits, and high volume to make himself the richest man in the world. In his philanthropic stage of life, he became the world's beneficiary to education, as he is responsible for the construction and donation of thousands of libraries in the U.S., Europe and around the world. Andrew Carnegie is remembered for many accomplishments that include his rise from rags to riches and his influences on the railroad, stock market, and iron and steel industries.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Early Years: Andrew Carnegie was born into a very poor family from Dunfermline, Scotland. He moved to the United States with his family in 1848. Carnegie received his first job when he was 13 as a bobbin boy in a cotton mill at a mere $1.20 weekly wage. Carnegie’s big break came in 1849, when he was hired at the O’Reilly Telegraph Company. With this job, Carnegie was able to learn many of the important structures of business, which gave him important knowledge of commercial affairs and the new economy. Carnegies second big break arose when Thomas Scott hired him to be the personal telegrapher and secretary. Carnegie gained hands on experience in the railroad when a derailment almost caused heavy stoppage. Carnegie was able to get the railroad moving again which gave him his first chance to be a leader. In 1859, Andrew Carnegie was appointed Superintendent of the Pittsburgh Division at the age of 24. Carnegie was so good at his job that he was able to perfect the system of statistica l control even further and introduce new management innovations. From working with the railroad, great qualities were emerging that were to mark his later career. These qualities included, a hard work ethic, ability to master the details of a business very quickly, and act daring and forceful. New Investment Ventures: In 1856, Andrew Carnegie was persuaded to buy some stock. He was loaned the money and b... .... This turned into a bad call because of the deaths and injuries made by Frick’s view to bring in strikebreakers. If Carnegie would have gone with his normal action of closing down the plants until a new agreement could be made, Homestead never would have taken place. Carnegie wouldn’t have had to regret this decision the rest of his life and the press wouldn’t have criticized him the rest of his life. In conclusion, Andrew Carnegie is one of the greatest entrepreneurs that have ever lived. He was a Schumpeteran entrepreneur that changed the stream of the allocation of resources over time by introducing new departures into the flow of economic life by creating the modern iron and steel industry. He set a standard that no other industrialists could match. He made million after a million, learning and preparing to make even more money. He loved to make money but was unlike John D. Rockefeller or Cornelius Vanderbilt. Carnegie believed in making the most of his money, so he gave millions of dollars to different institutions and built many structures for people to learn. Andrew Carnegie will always be remembered as long as time passes as a philanthropist, businessman, and a great man.